TIGER/Line Files, 1995
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Metadata:
- Identification_Information:
-
- Citation:
-
- Citation_Information:
-
- Originator:
-
U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of the Census
Geography Division
- Publication_Date: 1996
- Title: TIGER/Line Files, 1995
- Edition: 1996
- Series_Information:
-
- Series_Name: TIGER/Line Census Files
- Issue_Identification: Version (0024)
- Publication_Information:
-
- Publication_Place: Washington, DC
- Publisher:
-
U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of the Census
Geography Division
- Description:
-
- Abstract:
-
TIGER, TIGER/Line, and Census TIGER are trademarks of the Bureau
of the Census. The 1995 TIGER/Line files are an extract of selected geographic
and cartographic information from the Census TIGER data base. The geographic
coverage for a single TIGER/Line file is a county or statistical equivalent entity,
with the coverage area based on January 1, 1995 legal boundaries. A complete set
of 1995 TIGER/Line files includes all counties and statistically equivalent entities i
the United States, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the
Northern Marian Islands, U.S. Minor Outlying Areas, and the Pacific Island Territories.
The Census TIGER data base represents a seamless national file with no overlaps or
gaps between parts. However, each county-based TIGER/Line file is designed to
stand alone as an independent data set or the files can be combined to cover the whole
Nation and its territories.
The 1995 TIGER/Line files consist of line segments representing physical features
and governmental and statistical boundaries. The files contain information distributed
over a series of record types for the spatial objects of a county. There are 17 record
types, including the basic data record, the shape coordinate points, and geographic
codes that can be used with appropriate software to prepare maps. Other geographic
information contained in the files includes attributes such as feature identifiers/census
feature class codes (CFCC) used to differentiate feature types, address ranges and ZIP
Codes, codes for legal and statistical entities, latitude/longitude coordinates of linear
and point features, landmark point features, area landmarks, key geographic features,
and area boundaries. The 1995 TIGER/Line data dictionary contains a complete list
of all the fields in the 17 record types.
- Purpose:
-
In order for others to use the information in the Census TIGER data base in
a geographic information system (GIS) or for other geographic applications, the
Census Bureau releases to the public extracts of the data base in the form of
TIGER/Line files. Various versions of the TIGER/Line files have been released;
previous versions include the 1990 Census TIGER/Line files (version 0003), the
1992 TIGER/Line files (version 0005), and the 1994 TIGER/Line files (version 0021).
The 1995 (version 0024) TIGER/Line files were originally produced to support
Phase I of the Census 2000 Redistricting Data Program.
- Supplemental_Information:
-
To find out more about TIGER/Line files and other Census
TIGER data base derived data sets visit <http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger>.
Note: The spatial domain element of this metadata only list the maximum and minimum
bounding coordinates for the continental United States.
See the TIGER/Line Files Maximum and Minimum Coordinates File
for the maximum and minimum coordinates for each TIGER/Line file county
or statistical equivalent.
- Time_Period_of_Content:
-
- Time_Period_Information:
-
- Single_Date/Time:
-
- Calendar_Date: 1995
- Currentness_Reference: 1995
- Status:
-
- Progress: Complete
- Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency:
-
TIGER/Line files are extracted from the
Census TIGER data base when needed for geographic programs required to
support the census and survey programs of the Census Bureau. No changes or
updates will be made to the 1995 TIGER/Line files. Future releases of TIGER/Line
files will reflect updates made to the Census TIGER data base and will be released
under a revised version numbering system (based on the month and year the data is
extracted).
- Spatial_Domain:
-
- Bounding_Coordinates:
-
- West_Bounding_Coordinate: -124.848974
- East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66.885075
- North_Bounding_Coordinate: 49.384363
- South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.395877
- Keywords:
-
- Theme:
-
- Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
- Theme_Keyword: Line Feature
- Theme_Keyword: Feature Identifier
- Theme_Keyword: Census Feature Classification Code (CFCC)
- Theme_Keyword: Address Range
- Theme_Keyword: Geographic Entity
- Theme_Keyword: Point/Node
- Theme_Keyword: Landmark Feature
- Theme_Keyword: Political Boundary
- Theme_Keyword: Statistical Boundary
- Theme_Keyword: Polygon
- Theme_Keyword: County/County Equivalent
- Theme_Keyword: TIGER/Line
- Theme_Keyword: Topology
- Theme_Keyword: Street Centerline
- Theme_Keyword: Latitude/Longitude
- Theme_Keyword: ZIP-Code
- Theme_Keyword: Vector
- Theme_Keyword: TIGER Line Identification Number (TLID)
- Theme_Keyword: Street Segment
- Theme_Keyword: Coordinate
- Theme_Keyword: Boundary
- Place:
-
- Place_Keyword_Thesaurus:
-
FIPS Publication 6-4
FIPS Publication-55
- Place_Keyword: United States
- Place_Keyword: U.S. Virgin Islands
- Place_Keyword: Puerto Rico
- Place_Keyword: Pacific Island Territories
- Place_Keyword: County
- Temporal:
-
- Temporal_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
- Temporal_Keyword: Certified as of 19960101.
- Access_Constraints: None
- Use_Constraints:
-
None. Acknowledgment of the U.S. Bureau of the Census would be appreciated
for products derived from these files.
TIGER, TIGER/Line, and Census TIGER are trademarks of the Bureau of the Census.
- Point_of_Contact:
-
- Contact_Information:
-
- Contact_Organization_Primary:
-
- Contact_Organization:
-
U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of the Census
Geography Division
Products and Services Staff
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: Physical address
- Address: 8903 Presidential Pkwy, WP I
- City: Upper Marlboro
- State_or_Province: Maryland
- Postal_Code: 20772
- Country: USA
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: Mailing address
- Address: Bureau of the Census
- City: Washington
- State_or_Province: District of Columbia
- Postal_Code: 20233
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1 301 457 1128
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1 301 457 4710
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: TIGER@census.gov
- Hours_of_Service: Monday through Friday 8:30 A.M. to 4:30 P.M. EST-USA
- Data_Set_Credit:
-
U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of the Census
Geography Division
- Native_Data_Set_Environment:
-
TIGER/Line files are created and processed in a VAX/VMS environment. The
environment consist of a VAX 7630 clustered with a VAX 6610 running OpenVMS
version 5.2-2 used for production operations. The Census TIGER system is driven
by DEC Command Language (DCL) procedures which invoke C software routines
to extract selected geographic and cartographic information (TIGER/Line files) from
the operational Census TIGER data base.
- Data_Quality_Information:
-
- Attribute_Accuracy:
-
- Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
-
Accurate against Federal Information Processing
Standards (FIPS), FIPS Publication 6-4, and FIPS-55 at the 100% level for
the codes and base names. The remaining attribute information has been examined
but has not been fully tested for accuracy.
- Logical_Consistency_Report:
-
The feature network of lines (as represented by Record
Types 1 and 2) is complete for census purposes. Spatial objects in TIGER/Line belong
to the "Geometry and Topology"(GT) class of objects in the "Spatial Data Transfer
Standard" (SDTS) FIPS Publication 173 and are topologically valid. Node/geometry
and topology (GT)-polygon/chain relationships are collected or generated to satisfy
topological edit requirements. These requirements include:
* Complete chains must begin and end at nodes.
* Complete chains must connect to each other at nodes.
* Complete chains do not extend through nodes.
* Left and right GT-polygons are defined for each complete chain element and
are consistent throughout the extract process.
* The chains representing the limits of the file are free of gaps.
The Census Bureau performed automated tests to ensure logical consistency
and limits of files. All polygons are tested for closure. Some polygons in the
TIGER/Line files may be so small that the polygon internal point has been
manually placed on a node that defines the polygon perimeter. These small
polygons have been detected, and corrections will be incorporated in the Census
TIGER data base in the future. The Census Bureau uses its internally developed
Geographic Update System to enhance and modify spatial and attribute data in the
Census TIGER data base. Standard geographic codes, such as FIPS codes for states,
counties, municipalities, and places, are used when encoding spatial entities. The
Census Bureau performed spatial data tests for logical consistency of the codes during
the compilation of the original Census TIGER data base files. Most of the codes
themselves were provided to the Census Bureau by the USGS, the agency responsible
for maintaining FIPS 55. Feature attribute information has been examined but has
not been fully tested for consistency.
- Completeness_Report:
-
Data completeness of the TIGER/Line files reflects the contents
of the Census TIGER data base at the time the TIGER/Line files (1995 version) were
created.
- Positional_Accuracy:
-
- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
-
- Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
-
The information present in these files is provided for the purposes of statistical
analysis and census operations only. Coordinates in the TIGER/Line files have
six implied decimal places, but the positional accuracy of these coordinates is
not as great as the six decimal places suggest. The positional accuracy varies
with the source materials used, but generally the information is no better than
the established National Map Accuracy standards for 1:100,000-scale maps from
the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); thus it is NOT suitable for high-precision
measurement applications such as engineering problems, property transfers, or
other uses that might require highly accurate measurements of the earth's surface.
The USGS 1:100,000-scale maps meet national map accuracy standards and use
coordinates defined by the North American Datum, 1983. For the contiguous 48
States, the cartographic fidelity of most of the 1995 TIGER/Line files, in areas
outside the 1980 census Geographic Base File/Dual Independent Map Encoding
(GBF/DIME) file coverage and selected other large metropolitan areas, compare
favorably with the USGS 1:100,000-scale maps. The Census Bureau cannot specify
the accuracy of features inside of what was the 1980 GBF/DIME-Files coverage or
selected metropolitan areas. The Census Bureau added updates to the TIGER/Line files
that enumerators annotated on map sheets prepared from the Census TIGER data base
as they attempted to traverse every street feature shown on the 1990 census map sheets;
the Bureau also made other corrections from updated map sheets supplied by local
participants for Census Bureau programs. The locational accuracy of these updates is
of unknown quality. In addition to the Federal, State, and local sources, portions of
the files may contain information obtained in part from maps and other materials
prepared by private companies. Despite the fact that TIGER/Line data positional
accuracy is not as high as the coordinates values imply, the six-decimal place precision
is useful when producing maps. The precision allows features that are next to each
other on the ground to be placed in the correct position, on the map, relative to each
other, without overlap.
- Lineage:
-
- Source_Information:
-
- Source_Citation:
-
- Citation_Information:
-
- Originator:
-
U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of the Census
Geography Division
- Publication_Date: Unpublished material
- Title: TIGER data base
- Edition: 1995
- Type_of_Source_Media: On line
- Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
-
- Time_Period_Information:
-
- Single_Date/Time:
-
- Calendar_Date: 1995
- Source_Currentness_Reference:
-
Date the file was made available to create TIGER/Line
File extracts.
- Source_Citation_Abbreviation: TIGER
- Source_Contribution:
-
Selected geographic and cartographic information (line segments)
from the Census TIGER data base.
- Process_Step:
-
- Process_Description:
-
In order for others to use the information in the Census TIGER data base in a
GIS or for other geographic applications, the Census Bureau releases periodic
extracts of selected information from the Census TIGER data base, organized
as topologically consistent networks. Software (TIGER DB routines) written
by the Geography Division allows for efficient access to Census TIGER system
data. TIGER/Line files are extracted from the Census TIGER data base by
county or statistical equivalent area. Census TIGER data for a given county or
statistical equivalent area is then distributed among 17 fixed length record ASCII
files, each one containing attributes for either line, polygon, or landmark geographic
data types. The Bureau of the Census has released various versions of the
TIGER/Line files since 1988, with each version having more updates (feature
and feature names, address ranges and ZIP Codes, coordinate updates, new record
types, revised field definitions, etc.), than the previous version.
- Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: TIGER data base
- Process_Date: 1996
- Process_Contact:
-
- Contact_Information:
-
- Contact_Organization_Primary:
-
- Contact_Organization:
-
U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of the Census
Products and Services Staff
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: Physical address
- Address: 8903 Presidential Parkway, WP I
- City: Upper Marlboro
- State_or_Province: Maryland
- Postal_Code: 20772
- Country: USA
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: Mailing address
- Address: Bureau of the Census
- City: Washington
- State_or_Province: District of Columbia
- Postal_Code: 20233
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1 301 457 1128
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1 301 457 4710
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: TIGER@census.gov
- Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
-
- Indirect_Spatial_Reference:
-
Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS)
and feature names and addresses.
- Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector
- Point_and_Vector_Object_Information:
-
- SDTS_Terms_Description:
-
- SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Node, network
- Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 570 to 56,000
- SDTS_Terms_Description:
-
- SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Entity point
- SDTS_Terms_Description:
-
- SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Complete chain
- Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 790 to 83,000
- SDTS_Terms_Description:
-
- SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: GT-polygon composed of chains
- Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 290 to 33,000
- Spatial_Reference_Information:
-
- Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
-
- Geographic:
-
- Latitude_Resolution: 0.000458
- Longitude_Resolution: 0.000458
- Geographic_Coordinate_Units: Decimal degrees
- Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
-
- Overview_Description:
-
- Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
-
The TIGER/Line files contain data describing three major types of features/entities;
Line Features -
1) Roads
2) Railroads
3) Hydrography
4) Miscellaneous transportation features and selected power lines and pipe lines
5) Political and statistical boundaries
Landmark Features -
1) Point landmarks, e.g., schools and churches.
2) Area landmarks, e.g., Parks and cemeteries.
3) Key geographic locations (KGLs), e.g., apartment buildings and factories.
Polygon features -
1) Geographic entity codes for areas used to tabulate the 1990 census statistical
data and current geographic areas
2) Locations of area landmarks
3) Locations of KGLs
The line features and polygon information form the majority of data in the TIGER/Line
files. Some of the data/attributes describing the lines include coordinates, feature
identifiers (names), CFCCs (used to identify the most noticeable characteristic of a
feature), address ranges, and geographic entity codes. The TIGER/Line files
contain point and area labels that describe landmarks features and provide
locational reference. Area landmarks consist of a feature name or label and
feature type assigned to a polygon or group of polygons. Landmarks may
overlap or refer to the same set of polygons.
The Census TIGER data base uses collections of spatial objects (points, lines,
and polygons) to model or describe real-world geography. The Census Bureau
uses these spatial objects to represent features such as streets, rivers, and
political boundaries and assigns attributes to these features to identify and
describe specific features such as the 500 block of Market Street in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
The TIGER/Line files contain information about these spatial objects distributed
over a series of record types. Users of the TIGER/Line files may need to link
information from several record types to find all the attributes of interest that
belong to one spatial object.
Topology explains how points, lines, and areas relate to each other and is used
as the foundation for organizing spatial objects in the Census TIGER data base.
The Census TIGER data base uses these objects to provide a disciplined,
mathematical description of the features on the earth's surface. All spatial objects
are interrelated. A sequence of points define line segments, and line segments
connect to define polygons.
The Census TIGER data base relates information to points or 0-cells, lines or
1-cells, and polygons or 2-cells. The number preceding the cell identifies the
dimensionality of the objects; for instance, a line segment has a single dimension,
length. Each of these objects build on the others to form higher-level objects. The
0-cells form the end points of 1-cells. The 1-cells connect at 0-cells and form closed
figures that partition space into polygons or 2-cells.
The spatial objects in TIGER/Line files embody both geometry (coordinate location
and shape) and topology (the relationship between points, lines objects, and polygons)
and therefore belong to the "Geometry and Topology" (GT) class of objects in the
SDTS. In the SDTS, nodes represent point objects (0-cells) that identify the start and
end position of lines or 1-dimensional objects (1-cells) called chains. The chains in
the TIGER/Line files are complete chains because they form GT-polygon boundaries
and intersect other chains only at nodes. Topological chains that do not contain polygon
information are network chains used to form GT-rings. Data users may choose not to
use GT-polygon or geographic entity codes and consider the TIGER/Line files a source
of network chain data.
The TIGER/Line files contain point landmark data that are not included in the
Census TIGER data base topology. Point landmarks are entity points that mark
the location of points of interest and are not connected to complete chains or GT-
polygons. A polygon identification code is used to link a landmark to a GT-polygon.
- Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
-
The U.S. Bureau of the Census, TIGER/Line Files, 1995 Technical Documentation.
The TIGER/Line files documentation defines the terms and definitions used within
the files.
- Distribution_Information:
-
- Distributor:
-
- Contact_Information:
-
- Contact_Organization_Primary:
-
- Contact_Organization:
-
U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of the Census
Geography Division
Products and Services Staff
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: Physical address
- Address: 8903 Presidential Parkway, WP I
- City: Upper Marlboro
- State_or_Province: Maryland
- Postal_Code: 20772
- Country: USA
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: Mailing address
- Address: Bureau of the Census
- City: Washington
- State_or_Province: District of Columbia
- Postal_Code: 20233
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1 301 457 1128
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1 301 457 4710
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: TIGER@census.gov
- Resource_Description: 1995 TIGER/Line Files
- Distribution_Liability:
-
No warranty, expressed or implied is made and no liability
is assumed by the U.S. Government in general or the Bureau of the Census in
specific as to the positional or attribute accuracy of the data. The act of distribution
shall not constitute any such warranty and no responsibility is assumed by the U.S.
Government in the use of these files.
- Standard_Order_Process:
-
- Digital_Form:
-
- Digital_Transfer_Information:
-
- Format_Name: TGRLN (compressed)
- File_Decompression_Technique: PK-ZIP, version 1.93A or higher.
- Digital_Transfer_Option:
-
- Offline_Option:
-
- Offline_Media: CD-ROM.
- Recording_Format: ISO 9660
- Fees:
-
The TIGER/Line files are grouped by states or statistical equivalent ($1500 for
the complete six-disc set or $250 per CD-ROM/disc). Technical documentation
is included on disc or may be downloaded in PDF format over the Internet.
TIGER 95: All States (6 CD-ROMs) CD95-TGR-ALL $1,500.
TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-01 $250, Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine,
Massachusetts, Maryland, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York,
Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia
TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-02 $250, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Michigan,
Mississippi, Ohio, Tennessee
TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-03 $250, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri,
Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin
TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-04 $250, Arizona, Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma,
Texas
TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-05 $250, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico,
Utah, Wyoming
TIGER 95: CD95-TGR-06 $250, Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, Washington,
Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands and the Outlying Areas of the Pacific
NOTE: All fees are subject to change. Contact the Bureau of the Census for the current fees.
- Ordering_Instructions:
-
To purchase 1995 TIGER/Line files; order from the U.S.
Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, by calling Customer Services, Bureau
of the Census 1 301 457 4100; FAX 1 301 457 3842. To obtained more information about
ordering TIGER/Line files visit <http://www.census.gov/geo/www/tiger>.
- Turnaround:
-
Priority Service: Orders placed before 2:P.M. of a business day using a
Priority Service (Next Day) will arrive the next business day. Regular Service: Orders
placed before 2:P.M. of a business day using a Priority Service (Regular Service)
will arrive in 3-4 days.
- Technical_Prerequisites:
-
The 1995 TIGER/Line files contain geographic data only and
do not include display or mapping software or statistical data. A list of vendors who
have developed software capable of processing TIGER/Line files can be obtained over
the Internet by selecting TIGER under Subjects A-Z on the Census Bureau's home
page (www.census.gov).
- Metadata_Reference_Information:
-
- Metadata_Date: 199612
- Metadata_Review_Date: 19970130
- Metadata_Contact:
-
- Contact_Information:
-
- Contact_Person_Primary:
-
- Contact_Person: Lornell A. Parks
- Contact_Organization:
-
U.S. Department of Commerce
Bureau of the Census
Geography Division
Geospatial Research and Standards Staff
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: Physical address
- Address: 8903 Presidential Parkway, WP I
- City: Upper Marlboro
- State_or_Province: Maryland
- Postal_Code: 20772
- Country: USA
- Contact_Address:
-
- Address_Type: Mailing address
- Address: Bureau of the Census
- City: Washington
- State_or_Province: District of Columbia
- Postal_Code: 20233
- Country: USA
- Contact_Voice_Telephone: 1 301 457 1056
- Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 1 301 457 4710
- Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lparks@census.gov
- Metadata_Standard_Name:
-
Federal Geographic Data Committee "Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata"
- Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Generated by mp version 2.9.14 on Fri Oct 7 07:06:43 2011