USGS Earth Resources Observation & Science (EROS) Center
19970514
Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle: DI00000000044769-TETON VILLAGE-NW,WY
remote-sensing image
Menlo Park, CA USA
U.S. Geological Survey
http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov
Orthophotos combine the image characteristics
of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map.
The primary digital orthophotoquadrangle (DOQ) is a
1-meter ground resolution, quarter-quadrangle (3.75
minutes of latitude by 3.75 minutes of longitude)
image cast on the Universal Transverse Mercator
projection (UTM) on the North American Datum of
1983 (NAD83).The geographic extent of the DOQ is
equivalent to a quarter-quadrangle plus the overedge
ranges from a minimum of 50 meters to a maximum
of 300 meters beyond the extremes of the primary
and secondary corner points. The overedge is
included to facilitate tonal matching for mosaicking
and for the placement of the NAD83 and secondary
datum corner ticks. The normal orientation of data
is by lines (rows) and samples (columns). Each
line contains a series of pixels ordered from west
to east with the order of the lines from north
to south. The radiometric image brightness values
are stored as 256 gray levels, ranging from 0 to 255.
The standard, uncompressed gray scale DOQ format
contains an ASCII header followed by a series
of 8-bit image data lines. The keyword-based,
ASCII header may vary in the number of data entries.
The header is affixed to the beginning of the image
and is composed of strings of 80 characters with
an asterisk (*) as character 79 and an invisible
newline character as character 80. Each keyword
string contains information for either
identification, display, or registration of
the image. Additional strings of blanks are added
to the header so that the length of a header line
equals the number of bytes in a line of image data.
The header line will be equal in length to the
length of an image line. If the sum of the byte
count of the header is less than the sample count
of one DOQ image line, then the remainder of the
header is padded with the requisite number
of 80 character blank entries, each terminated
with an asterisk and newline character.
DOQs serve a variety of purposes, from interim
maps to field references for Earth science investigations
and analysis. The DOQ is useful as a layer of a geographic
information system and as a tool for revision of digital
line graphs and topographic maps.
For further information on USGS Maps,
see: http://geography.usgs.gov/products.html#maps
19940824
Ground condition
sporadic
-110.875
-110.8125
43.625
43.5625
none
orthophoto
1-meter orthophoto
3.75- x 3.75-minute orthophoto
aerial photograph
digital orthophoto
DOQ
digital image map
digital orthophotoquad
DOQQ
7.5- x 7.5-minute orthophoto
2-meter orthophoto
quarter-quadrangle orthophoto
rectified photograph
None
US
MX
CA
WY
none
None. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Geological
Survey is appreciated in products derived from these data.
U.S. Geological
Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science
(EROS) Center
Customer Services Representative
mailing and physical address
U.S. Geological Survey
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls
SD
57198-0001
USA
1-800-ASK-USGS
lta@usgs.gov
0800 - 1600 CT, M-F
Online Ordering: Once you
have filled out and submitted the online ordering
form found at http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov, EROS
uses a secure credit card server that will encrypt
your sensitive information and pass it from your
browser to the EROS web server.
Mail Ordering: First obtain the ordering
information from Earth Explorer. Mail this
information, along with your payment (check or
money order), to USGS, Earth Resources Observation
& Science (EROS) Center, 47914 252nd Street,
Sioux Falls SD 57198-0001
Browse graphic for:
http://edcsns17.cr.usgs.gov/browse/doq_qq/T/teton_village_WY/O4311026.NWS.44769.jpg
image
JPEG
none
unclassified
none
During photographic reproduction
of the source photography, limited analog dodging is
performed to improve image quality. Analog dodging consists
of holding back light from certain areas of the sensitized
photographic material to avoid overexposure. The diapositive
is inspected to insure clarity and radiometric uniformity.
Diapositive image brightness values are collected with a
minimum of image quality manipulation. Image brightness
values may deviate from brightness values of the original
imagery due to image value interpolation during the scanning
and rectification processes. Radiometry is verified by
visually inspecting the DOQs to the original unrectified
image to determine if the DOQ has the same image quality
or better image quality than the original unrectified
input image. Slight systematic and radiometric differences
can be detected between adjacent DOQ files due primarily to
differences in source photography capture dates and Sun
angles of aerial photography along flight lines. These
differences can be observed in an image's general lightness
or darkness when compared to adjacent DOQ file coverages.
7.0 meters RMSE
The DOQ
root-mean-square-error (RMSE) is the square root of the
average of the squared discrepancies. These
discrepancies are the differences in coordinate (x and y)
values derived by comparing the data being tested with
values determined during aerotriangulation or by an
independent survey of higher accuracy.
All DOQ header data and image file
sizes are validated by Tape Validation System (TVS) software
prior to archiving in the Sales Data Base. This validation
procedure assures correct physical format and field values
for header record elements. Logical relationships between
header record elements are tested.
All DOQ images are visually inspected
for completeness to ensure that no gaps or image misplacement
exists in the image area or in overedge coverage. The DOQ
images may be derived by mosaicking multiple images, in
order to insure complete coverage. All DOQs are cloud free.
Some clouds may, very infrequently, be encountered only in
the overedge coverage. Source photography is leaf-off in
deciduous vegetation regions. Void areas may exist, having
a radiometric value of zero and appearing black. These
voids are areas for which no photographic source is
available or are the result of image transformation
from other planimetric systems to the UTM projection.
In the latter case, the void sliver areas are on the
outside edges of the overedge area. The data set field
content of each DOQ header record element is validated
to assure completeness prior to archiving in the
Sales Data Base.
The DOQ horizontal
positional accuracy and the assurance of that accuracy
depend, in part, on the accuracy of the data inputs
to the rectification process. These inputs consist
of the digital elevation model (DEM), aerotriangulation
control and methods, the photo source camera calibration,
scanner calibration, and aerial photographs that meet
National Aerial Photography Program (NAPP) standards.
Field control is acquired by third order class 1 or better
survey methods sufficiently spaced to meet National Map
Accuracy Standards for 1:12,000-scale products. Aerial
cameras have current certification from the USGS,
National Mapping Division, Optical Science Laboratory.
Test calibration scans are performed on all source
photography scanners.
The vertical
accuracy of the verified USGS format DEM is equivalent
to or better than a USGS level-1 or -2 DEM.
7
meters
U.S. Geological Survey
UNKNOWN
265717
map
Menlo Park, CA USA
U.S. Geological Survey
cartridge tape
19880805
Present
ground condition
DEM1
Elevation data in the form
of an ortho-DEM regridded to user-specified
intervals and bounds.
U.S. Geological Survey
Unknown
NAPP 7824 159
remote-sensing image
Menlo Park, CA USA
U.S. Geological Survey
40000
cartridge tape
Unknown
Present
ground condition
PHOTO1
Panchromatic black and white
(or color infrared) NAPP or NAPP-like photograph.
The NAPP photographs are centered on the DOQ
coverage area.
U.S. Geological Survey
Unpublished material
project ground and photo control
remote-sensing image
Menlo Park, CA USA
U.S. Geological Survey
Various media
Unknown
Present
ground condition
CONTROL_INPUT
Horizontal and vertical control
used to establish positions and elevations for
reference and correlation purposes.
U.S. Geological Survey
Unpublished material
Report of calibration
remote-sensing image
Menlo Park, CA USA
U.S. Geological Survey
disc, paper
Unknown
Present
Date of camera
calibration associated with the source photography
CAMERA_INPUT
camera calibration parameters
To produce a DOQ requires
(1) a minimum of three ground positions that can be
identified on the photograph to be rectified,
(2) camera calibration parameters, such as the
calibrated focal length and the coordinates of
the camera fiducials,
(3) a digital elevation model (DEM), and
(4) a digital image produced by scanning an
aerial photograph with a precise, high-resolution
scanner. The digital image is rectified to generate
an orthophoto by processing requirements 1 through 3
above for each image picture element (pixel),
using rigorous photogrammetric equations on a
computer. The finished product is a spatially
accurate image with planimetric features represented
in their true geographic positions.
NAPP
UNKNOWN
0 percent
raster
pixel
7562
5720
Universal Transverse Mercator
19
.09996
-123 00 00
0.0
0
0
row and column
1
1
meters
North American Datum 1983
Geodetic Reference System 80
6378137
297.257
Each pixel contains an
8-bit gray-scale value between 0 and 255 for DOQs
from a panchromatic source. A value of 0 represents
the color black, while a value of 255 represents the
color white. All values between 0 and 255 are
represented as a shade of gray, varying from
black to white. For color-infrared and natural color
DOQs, a digital number from 0 to 255 also will be asssigned
to each pixel, but that number will refer to a color look-up
table which will contain the red, green, and blue (RGB)
values, each from 0 to 255, for that digital number.
Areas where the rectification process is incomplete
due to incomplete data (e.g., lack of elevation
data, gaps), are represented with the numeric value of 0.
U.S. Department of the
Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, guide for digital
orthophotos: Reston, VA. A hypertext version is available
at: http://edc.usgs.gov/products/aerial/doq.html U.S. Department
of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1992, Standards
for digital orthophotos: Reston, VA.
Softcopies in ASCII, WordPerfect, and PostScript format
are available at:
http://rockyweb.cr.usgs.gov/nmpstds/doqstds.html /
U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources
Observation and Science (EROS) Center
mailing and physical address
Customer Services, U.S. Geological Survey
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls
SD
57198-0001
USA
703 648 4543
lta@usgs.gov
0800 - 1600 CT, M-F
Although these data have been processed
successfully on a computer system at the USGS, no warranty
expressed or implied is made by the USGS regarding the use
of the data on any other system, nor does the act of
distribution constitute any such warranty.
USGS_DOQ
1
Optional (Native) or GeoTIFF
The standard, archived,
quarter-quadrangle DOQ is uncompressed and is
approximately 45-50 Mb in size. DOQs are
distributed in both compressed and uncompressed format.
The compressed DOQ is approximately 4-6 Mb in size and
is accompanied by a separate header file.
4-6
Native or GeoTiff Dataset
searching and ordering capabilities are available
though EarthExplorer at:
http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov
Go to http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov
and search for your data!
None
Dataset searching and ordering
capabilities are available though EarthExplorer at:
http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov
Delivery Times can be found at:
http://eros.usgs.gov/#/About_Us/Customer_Service/Delivery_Times
Adequate computer capability is the only
technical prerequisite for viewing data in digital form.
20000801
20050301
U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources
Observation and Science (EROS) Center
mailing and physical address
U.S. Geological Survey
Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls
SD
57198
USA
703 648 4543
lta@usgs.gov
0800 - 1600 CT, M-F
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998, Version 2.0
local time
None
None
None
Unclassified
None